Coming to Grips with Eddy Lines

23 December 2024

I hadn’t really faced any challenges when I first started learning to kayak. Mostly because my initial experiences were in relatively calm conditions. That all changed during my first visit to Cattle Pass with Calvin Croll. During that visit I experienced, and repeated tripped over, strong eddy lines. And I was equally surprised and irritated that I couldn’t quite grasp them. But time and time again, I miss-read the current or poorly executed the skills necessary to competently cross the eddy line.

We studied the concept during my 5 day SK115 class at the Kayak Academy and George Gronseth has a fabulous summary in his supplied text show below.

To safely cross an eddy line, first you have to recognize it, see where it is, and its orientation. Then you need to figure out which way the current on the other side of the eddy line is moving relative to you. In other words, you have to read the water. With these clues you can strategize where to position yourself before crossing the eddy line, what angle you are going to cross the line, and which way to edge/lean your kayak.

In the illustration, the kayaker is leaving the slack eddy and breaking out into the main current which is moving to the right relative to the kayaker. The bow of the kayak has just started to cross the eddyline and is at a 45 degree angle to the eddy line with the bow angled into the oncoming current. This is generally the safest and easiest plan for crossing an eddy line in order to break out into the main current. Prior to reaching the eddy line the kayaker should accelerate in order to get as much momentum as possible. The faster you are going the quicker you will get across the eddy line and the less the current will spin your kayak downstream. Also the kayaker should low brace on the right (the low side of the kayak) and the faster you are going the better a low brace works and the longer you can lean on the brace. The kayaker needs to brace on the right because he or she also needs to edge and lean the kayak to the right (lift the left knee and left sit bone while tilting your body to the right) and the brace will keep you from falling to the right if you happen to lean too far or too early. If you don't lean enough or you lean too late you can fall over to the left (the most common mistake). So it’s better to lean too far and too early and use your brace on the low side of the kayak to keep you from capsizing on that side.


The other piece of the strategizing is to decide where you want to cross the eddy line - high near the top of the eddy or some distance lower down the eddy line? This depends on the situation. Where does the eddy line look less intimidating? Far enough down from the top of the eddy the eddy line will eventually fizzle out, but is that where you want to be once you've crossed it? Sometime the eddy line is simpler to cross up high where it is clearly defined and narrow. Weighing these factors takes experience. Take a lesson that gives you practice crossing eddy lines over and over in different places and with various speeds of current so you can get a calibrated eye for where is the easiest place to cross a given eddy line and how much you need to edge and lean your kayak while crossing it.

Coming to Grips with Eddy Lines (23 December 2024) - Paddling Alone & Dodging Death

As the kayak crosses the eddy line the current will turn the kayak to the right. This is because the new current starts pushing the bow in the down stream direction of the main current while the old eddy current is still pushing the stern of the kayak in the opposite direction. Don't try to fight this turn until your whole kayak is across the eddy line or you'll increase the chance that the current will flip you over to the left (upstream). Remember the current will turn your kayak whether you want it to or not - just let it turn you until you are completely across the eddy line. Once you are across the eddy line the the current will stop spinning you and you can come up out of your lean and turn any direction you want.


If the situation was reversed, the kayaker was leaving the main current and crossing the eddy line into the slack water, he or she would still lift the left side of the kayak and brace on the right because relative to the kayaker the slack water would appear to be moving to the right. — George Gronseth

Web Resources

Online Sea Kayaking - Breaking In and Edge Control

There are, as usual, tons of videos and articles on crossing eddy lines, but I quite liked this one. It had clear instruction on edge control with low bracing for support. There is also a nice selection of practice exercises for developing better edge control.

For the future, my plan is to find more eddy lines to “play” in so I can get comfortable. Currently I have a mental issue with them but that should go away with some practice.

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